Math Guide
Percentage Calculator Guide — All Percentage Formulas India
3 Types of Percentage Problems
All percentage questions fall into one of these three types:
Type 1: What is X% of Y? → Answer = X/100 × Y
Type 2: X is what % of Y? → Answer = X/Y × 100
Type 3: X is Y% of what? → Answer = X × 100/Y
Practical Examples
| Problem | Formula | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| What is 18% GST on Rs.5000? | 18/100 × 5000 | Rs.900 |
| 50 out of 200 — what %? | 50/200 × 100 | 25% |
| After 20% discount, price is Rs.800 — original? | 800 × 100/80 | Rs.1000 |
| Salary hike from Rs.40K to Rs.48K — % increase? | (8000/40000) × 100 | 20% |
Percentage Change Formula
% Change = (New Value − Old Value) ÷ Old Value × 100
Positive = increase | Negative = decrease
Common Percentage Uses in India
- GST calculation (5%, 12%, 18%, 28%)
- Discount percentage on shopping
- Exam marks percentage (Marks ÷ Total × 100)
- Salary increment percentage
- EMI as % of salary (FOIR)
- Return on investment (%)
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